What is image processing? What are the applications of image processing in computer science?

 What is image processing?

Image processing is a method to perform some operations on an image, in order to get an enhanced image or to extract some useful information from it. it is a type of signal processing in which input is an image and output may be image or characteristics associated with that image. Nowadays, image processing is among rapidly growing technologies. it forms core research are within engineering and computer science disciplines too.

Image processing basically includes the following three steps.

1. Importing the image via image acquisition tools.

2. Analyzing and manipulating the image.

3. Output in which result can be altered image or report that is based on image analysis.

What are the applications of image processing in computer science?

Some of the major fields in which digital image processing is widely used are mentioned below

• 1. Image sharpening and restoration

• 2. Medical field

• 3. Remote sensing

• 4. Transmission and encoding

• 5. Machine/Robot vision

• 6. Color processing

• 7. Pattern recognition

• 8. Video processing

• 9. Microscopic Imaging

• 10. Others

What is the interactive computer system? Explain. What is resolution? What is the impact of resolution in display devices?

 What is the interactive computer system?

interactive computer system involves a two-way communication between computer and user.

here the observer is given some control over the image by providing him with an input device for example the video game controller of the ping pong game.

this helps him to signal his request to the computer. The computer on receiving signals from the input device can modify the displayed picture appropriately.

the picture changes according to the users command.

 What is resolution?

The maximum number of points (pixels) that can be displayed without overlap on a CRT is referred to as their solution. It is also defined as maximum number of points displayed horizontally and vertically without overlapping on a display screen.

More precise definition of resolution is no of dots per inch(dpi/pixel per inch) that can be plotted horizontally and vertically. Resolution of 1280*720 means that there are 1280 horizontal lines and 720 vertical lines or 1280 pixels horizontally and 720 pixels vertically. We can say that the higher is the pixel resolution, the higher is the quality of the image. there are two types of resolutions.

1. Image resolution

Image resolution is defined as the distance from one pixel to the next pixel i.e., pixel spacing.

2. Screen resolution

screen resolution is defined as the number of pixels in the horizontal and vertical dirrection.

What is the impact of resolution on display devices?

Define pixel. What is the use of pixel in display devices?

 A pixel is the smallest unit of a digital image or graphic that can be displayed and represented on a digital display device.

A pixel is the basic logical unit in digital graphics. Pixels are combined to form a complete image, video, text, or any visible thing on a computer display.

A pixel is also known as a picture element (pix = picture, el = element).

Pixel

The full form of the pixel is "Picture Element." It is also known as "PEL." Pixel is the smallest element of an image on a computer display, whether they are LCD or CRT monitors. A screen is made up of a matrix of thousands or millions of pixels. A pixel is represented with a dot or a square on a computer screen.

The good thing is that a pixel cannot be seen as they are very small which result in a smooth and clear image rather than "pixelated." Each pixel has a value, or we can say a unique logical address. It can have only one color at a time. Colour of a pixel is determined by the number of bits which is used to represent it. A resolution of a computer screen depends upon graphics card and display monitor, the quantity, size and color combination of pixels.

 

As we know that an image is build up of thousands and millions of pixels. In the above images, if we zoom in the image, we will be able to see some of the pixels.

Uses of pixel in display devices

THE USE OF THE PIXEL IN GRAPHIC DESIGN

When we open our graphics editing program, when you start with a new project, you will ask us for the resolution or, as we have already seen, for the number of pixels.
The purpose of the resolution is to be able to classify the devices where we are going to show the image:

• It can be our computer.
• A Mobile phone.
• A tablet.
• Printer.
• Also a camera
• A scanner.
• Our TV

The resolution is no more than the total number of pixels that will form the bitmap image. The advanced the number of pixels, the better the image will be. The number of pixels associated with a given image depends on how many pixels the camera’s CCD sensor is using at the time of capturing.

The pixels of the height multiplies by its width to rapid the resolve of an image

Example: An image that has a determination of 1000 x 1000 pixels will result in 1,000,000 pixels. To make it easier to understand, It expresses in megapixels (MP), such that 1,000,000 pixels is equal to 1.0 MP.

It is one of the first concepts that the professional will learn in the world of graphic design. And will be crucial when it comes to achieving the best quality results.

describe types of computer graphics with suitable example. describe uses of computer graphics in computer field.

 There are two types of computer graphics:

1. Interactive computer graphics.

computer graphics in which there is an interaction between user and the graphics for example game console and game graphics.

2. Non-interactive computer graphics.

computer graphics where there is no interaction between user and computer graphics for example printing someting.

Uses of computer graphics in the computer field.

there are several uses of CG which are very useful in the current scenario. some of  its uses in computer field includes.

1. computer program development

2. making movies

3. video game

4. catalog design

5. creating commercial arts

6. scientific modeling( for example weather forcasting, meteorological data)

What do you mean by image processing? How it is differ from computer graphics?

Image processing

Image processing is a method to perform some operation on an image, in order to get an enhanced image or to extract some useful information from it. It is a type of signal processing in which input is an image and output may be an image or characteristics associated with that image.

major steps of image processing.

1. importing the image via image acquisition tools

2. analyzing and manipulating the image

3. output in which result can be altered image or report that is based on image analysis.

Difference between computer graphics and image processing.

The process of synthesize picture from mathematical or geometrical models is called computer grapics.

simply in computer graphics we take pixels as mathematical input parameters and draw different images from these pixels.

whereas the process of analyze picture to derive descriptions (often in mathematical or geometrical forms) of objects appeared in the pictures is called image processing.

image processing is the reverse process of computer graphics. where we take any one of the picture as input parameter and return their mathematical form.

history of computer graphics.

 The brief history of computer graphics.

1950 - The first graphics displays, military applications.

1962 - The first graphics station (sketchpad) consisting of a monitor, light pen, and software for interactive operation constructed by Ivan Sutherland.

1964 - Research team working on the algorithms in computer graphics employed at the university of utah (including ivan sutherland, james blinn, edwin catmull)

1965 - The first commercial graphics station: IBM 2250 Display Unit and the IBM PC 1130

1969 - Beginning of a group SIGGRAPH (special interest group on graphics) in the organization of ACM (Association for computing Machinary) gathering of IT professionals.

1974 - Creation of graphics laboratory at the new york institute of technology

1980 - Tuner Whitted published article about creating realistic images, beginning of method of ray tracing.

1982 - TRON, the first film that uses computer graphics. The first completely computer generated scene in the movie star trek II: The Wrath of Khan.

1984 - work of c.goral, k. torrance, d. greenberg and b. battile and proposing a new approach for visualization - the method of radiosity.

1988 - the first film sequence with morphing in willow

1989 - the first character created using 3d graphics in the studio industrial light and magic (ILM)

1993 - dinosaurs in jurassic park - the first complete and detailed living organisms generated digital technology

1995 - toy story implemented complete using computer graphics, the first photo realistic hair and fur computer generated.

1999 - the world wide web consortium (W3C) begins development of SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics), a way of using text-based (XML) files to provide higher-quality images on the web. SVG images can include elements of both conventional vector and raster graphics.

2007 - apple launches its iPhone and iPod touch products with touch screen graphic user interface.

2017 - Microsoft announce it will not kill off its basic but very popular paint program, loved by computer artists for over 30 years.